Carbon Compound

Activity 2F:1. Copy and complete Table 2.9 to show the molecular formula, structural formula and the names for the first six straight chain members of alcohol and carboxylic acid.2. Explain why the first value of n is 0 for the general formula of the carboxylic acid homologous series.3. Explain why the carboxyl functional group COOH … Read more

Question 1:The following figure shows classifications of carbon compounds.Based on the figure above, state the definitions of:(a) Organic compounds.(b) Hydrocarbon and non hydrocarbon.(c) Saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Answer:(a) Carbon compounds are compounds that contain carbon as their constituent element.(b) – Organic compounds that contain only hydrogen and carbon.– Organic compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen … Read more

Laboratory Activity 2A ( Fractional Distillation of Petroleum):Aim: To study the fractional distillation of petroleumMaterials: Petroleum and cottonApparatus: Filter paper, retort stand, thermometer (0 °C − 360 °C), round bottom flask, conical flask, test tube, Liebig condenser, wire gauze, tripod stand, test tubes, evaporating dish, porcelain chips, wooden block and Bunsen burner.Procedure:1. Measure 50 cm3 … Read more

Question 1:Carry out the activity in pairs. Classify the following substances into organic or inorganic compounds:(a) Propanol, C3H7OH (b) Carbon dioxide, CO2(c) Lead(II) carbonate, PbCO3(d) Glucose, C6H12O6(e) Ethanoic acid, CH3COOHAnswer:(a) Organic (b) Inorganic(c) Inorganic(d) Organic (e) Organic Question 2:State the term for each of the following statements:(a) Compounds containing the carbon element.(b) Hydrocarbons possessing only … Read more

Question 1:Table 2.15 shows carbon compounds and their respective molecular formulae.(a)(i) Compare and contrast the sootiness of flames of compound P and compound Q when burnt in excess oxygen. Explain your answer. [Relative atomic mass: C = 12, H = 1].(ii) Table 2.16 shows the result of an experiment where compound P and compound Q … Read more

Laboratory Activity 2E (Reaction of Ethanoic Acid with Ethanol):Aim: To study the reaction of ethanoic acid, CH3COOH with ethanol, C2H5OH.Materials: Glacial ethanoic acid, CH3COOH, absolute ethanol, C2H5OH and concentrated sulphuric acid, H2SO4.Apparatus: Beaker, Bunsen burner, test tube holder, boiling tube, dropper, glass rod and measuring cylinder.Procedure:1. Add 2 cm3 of glacial ethanoic acid, CH3COOH in … Read more

Activity 2K:Write the molecular and structural formulae of alcohol and carboxylic acid components for the following esters. Next, draw the structural formula of each of these esters.(i) Methyl methanoate(ii) Ethyl propanoate (iii) Propyl ethanoate Answer:(i) Molecular formula of alcohol component: CH3OHMolecular formula of carboxylic acid component: HCOOH(ii) Molecular formula of alcohol component: C2H5OHMolecular formula of … Read more

Laboratory Activity 2D (Chemical Properties of Ethanoic Acid, CH3COOH):Aim: To study the chemical properties of ethanoic acid, CH3COOH.Problem statement: Can ethanoic acid, CH3COOH react with metal, metal oxide and metal carbonate?Materials: 1 mol dm−3 of ethanoic acid, CH3COOH, magnesium ribbon, Mg, sodium carbonate powder, Na2CO3, copper(II) oxide powder, CuO and limewater.Apparatus: Test tube rack, stopper … Read more

Activity 2J:Write the complete equation for each of the following alcohol reaction.1. Complete combustion in excess oxygen:(a) Methanol. (b) Propanol.2. Oxidation by acidified potassium manganate(VII), KMnO4 oxidising agent:(a) Butanol. (b) Pentanol.3. Dehydration by porcelain chips as the catalyst:(a) Butanol. (b) Pentanol. Answer: 1. (a) 2CH3OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 4H2O1. (b) 2C3H7OH + 9O2 … Read more

Laboratory Activity 2C (Chemical Properties of Ethanol):Aim: To study the chemical properties of ethanol, C2H5OH.Materials: Ethanol, C2H5OH, porcelain chips, glass wool, potassium dichromate(VI), K2Cr2O7 solution, potassium manganate(VII), KMnO4 solution, concentrated sulphuric acid, H2SO4, blue litmus paper, bromine water, Br2.Apparatus: Test tube, boiling tube, boiling tube stopper with delivery tube, retort stand, test tube holder, Bunsen … Read more