Acid, Base and Salt

Role of Water to Show Properties of Acids The presence of water is essential for the formation of hydrogen ions and it is only the presence of these ions which causes acidity. Without water, an acid won’t show the properties of acid. Example Without water, the molecules of ethanoic acid do not disassociate to form … Read more

Oxide: Basic, Acidic, Neutral, or Amphoteric Basic Oxide Most oxides of metal, especially alkali and alkaline earth metals, are basic oxides. Basic oxides that dissolve in water are called alkalis.  A basic oxide is an oxide that shows basic properties in opposition to acidic oxides and that either reacts with water to form an alkali; or reacts with … Read more

Chemical Properties of Bases/Alkalis Alkalis react with acids to form a salt and water — this is a neutralisation reaction: Alkalis, when warmed with ammonium salts, give off ammonia gas: Reaction between Alkalis and Acids Acid + Alkali → Salt + WaterExample:Potassium hydroxide + Nitric Acid → Potassium Nitrate + Water KOH + HNO3  → KNO3  +  H2O Alkali heat with Ammonium … Read more

Physical Properties of Alkali The following are the physical properties of alkali Alkalis are bitter in taste.  Alkalis turn litmus from red to blue.Like acid, alkali can change the colour of litmus. In alkali solution, the colour of litmus turn blue. Alkalis are soapy to touch.  Alkalis has pH value more than 7pH value is … Read more

Bases are compounds which react with acid to form a salt and water as only products. Bases that soluble in water are called alkalis. In aqueous solution, alkali it produces hydroxide ions (OH–). In short, alkalis are substances that form hydroxide ions (OH–(aq)) in waterExampleSodium hydroxide NaOH gives Na+(aq) and OH–(aq) ions, NaOH → Na+ + OH–calcium … Read more

Writing Ionic Equation of the Reactions of Acids Steps in writing the ionic equation of the reactions of acids: Write the chemical equation of the reaction. List down all the ion presence below the equation. Cancel the ions that do not change in the reaction. Rewrite the equation with only the ions that have changed … Read more

Acid + Alkali Acids react with alkali produces salt and water only. This is called a neutralisation reaction. Acids + Alkali → Salt + Water (Neitralisation) Example: Ethanoic Acid + Sodium Hydroxide CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O Hydrochloric Acid + Ammonia Solution HCl + NH3 → NH4Cl

Acid + Base Oxide Acids react with bases produces salt and water Acids + Base Oxide → Salt + Water (Neutralisation) Example: Sulphuric acid + Iron(II) OxideH2SO4 + FeO→FeSO4 + H2O Hydrochloric acid + Magnesium Oxide 2HCl + MgO → MgCl2 + H O Example of Experiment Procedure One spatula of copper(II) oxide powders is added to … Read more

Acid + Carbonate Acids react with metal carbonates produces salt, water and carbon dioxide Acids + Metal Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide Gas Example: Sulphuric acid + Lime StoneH2SO4 +CaCO3 → CaSO4 + CO2 + H2ONitric acid + Copper(II) Carbonate2HNO3 +CuCO3 → Cu(NO3)2 +CO2 + H2O Example of Experiment Procedure About 5 cm³ of … Read more

Acid + Reactive Metal Acids react with metals that is more electropositive than hydrogen in the electrochemical series to produce salt and hydrogen gas. Acids do not react with copper and silver. This is actually a displacement, where the metals that are placed above hydrogen in Electrochemical Series displace hydrogen from acid. Acids + Reactive … Read more