Question 4:
Table 1 shows the information found on labels of three types of food. P, Q and R are food additives.
Table 1
Based on the labels found on food containers in Table 1:
(a) State the names of food additives P, Q and R.
(b) Identify the type of food additives and their corresponding functions.
Answer:
(a)
P – Salt
Q – Benzoic acid
R – Pektin
(b)
P – Preservatives or flavourings
Function:
• Prevent or delay the growth of bacteria or fungi to make the food last longer
Flavouring
• Replace the loss of original flavours during food processing.
Add flavour or fragrant smell to make food tastier.
Q – preservative
Function – Prevent or delay the growth of bacteria or fungi to make the food last longer.
R – stabiliser
Function – gives a uniform and smooth texture.
Table 1 shows the information found on labels of three types of food. P, Q and R are food additives.
Table 1
Based on the labels found on food containers in Table 1:
(a) State the names of food additives P, Q and R.
(b) Identify the type of food additives and their corresponding functions.
Answer:
(a)
P – Salt
Q – Benzoic acid
R – Pektin
(b)
P – Preservatives or flavourings
Function:
• Prevent or delay the growth of bacteria or fungi to make the food last longer
Flavouring
• Replace the loss of original flavours during food processing.
Add flavour or fragrant smell to make food tastier.
Q – preservative
Function – Prevent or delay the growth of bacteria or fungi to make the food last longer.
R – stabiliser
Function – gives a uniform and smooth texture.
Question 5:
Table 2 shows the information about two types of antimicrobial medicines X and Y.
Table 2
(a) Name the types of medicines X and Y.
(b) What action should be taken to ensure that the intake of medicine Y is effective?
Give your reason.
Answer:
(a)
Medicine X – antiseptic
Medicine Y – antibiotic
(b)
Drug Y needs to be consumed so that all bacteria are killed. If not consumed, higher doses of the drug is needed if infected with the same disease in the future.
Table 2 shows the information about two types of antimicrobial medicines X and Y.
Table 2
(a) Name the types of medicines X and Y.
(b) What action should be taken to ensure that the intake of medicine Y is effective?
Give your reason.
Answer:
(a)
Medicine X – antiseptic
Medicine Y – antibiotic
(b)
Drug Y needs to be consumed so that all bacteria are killed. If not consumed, higher doses of the drug is needed if infected with the same disease in the future.
Question 6:
Photograph 1 shows a sunblock lotion that utilises nanotechnology.
(a) What is the meaning of nanotechnology?
(b) Explain the advantage of nanotechnology
(c) application in sunblock lotions.
State two other uses of nanotechnology.
Answer:
(a)
Nanotechnology is the development of materials or devices by utilising the characteristics of nanoparticles.
(b)
Apply cream evenly covering the skin for better protection.
(c)
Uses of nanotechnology:
– Production of unmanned vehicles
– Production of electrical goods components.
Photograph 1 shows a sunblock lotion that utilises nanotechnology.
(a) What is the meaning of nanotechnology?
(b) Explain the advantage of nanotechnology
(c) application in sunblock lotions.
State two other uses of nanotechnology.
Answer:
(a)
Nanotechnology is the development of materials or devices by utilising the characteristics of nanoparticles.
(b)
Apply cream evenly covering the skin for better protection.
(c)
Uses of nanotechnology:
– Production of unmanned vehicles
– Production of electrical goods components.
Question 7:
Water pollution could possibly be sourced from the leachate of untreated wastewater disposal.
(a) Explain the steps to overcome this issue using Green Technology.
(b) Describe the advantages of using Green Technology in wastewater treatment process.
(c) Sludge is the substance produced from the wastewater treatment process.
How can sludge benefit mankind?
Answer:
(a)
Garbage is disposed of using a solvent treatment system that can control the leachate from contaminating groundwater sources.
(b)
Hazardous chemicals can be decomposed first and wastewater treated before they can be discharged into the river.
This enables only sufficiently treated and cleaner effluent to flow into the river.
(c)
Sludge materials can be processed into fertilisers or materials for biogas production.
Water pollution could possibly be sourced from the leachate of untreated wastewater disposal.
(a) Explain the steps to overcome this issue using Green Technology.
(b) Describe the advantages of using Green Technology in wastewater treatment process.
(c) Sludge is the substance produced from the wastewater treatment process.
How can sludge benefit mankind?
Answer:
(a)
Garbage is disposed of using a solvent treatment system that can control the leachate from contaminating groundwater sources.
(b)
Hazardous chemicals can be decomposed first and wastewater treated before they can be discharged into the river.
This enables only sufficiently treated and cleaner effluent to flow into the river.
(c)
Sludge materials can be processed into fertilisers or materials for biogas production.