Chemical Bond

Question 1:What is meant by a delocalised electron? Answer:Mobile electrons that are not owned by any atom or ion. Question 2:How a metallic bond is formed in metals? Answer:The valence electron of metal atoms can be easily donated and delocalised in solid state. Positively charged metal ions are formed. All delocalised valence electrons can move … Read more

Question 1:What is dative bond? Answer:Dative bond or coordinate bond is a type of covalent bond where the shared pair of electrons originate from one atom only. Question 2:Explain the formation of ammonium ion through the formation of dative bond between hydrogen ion, H+ and nitrogen atom, N in ammonia, NH3. Answer:Hydrogen ion, H+ does … Read more

Question 1:State the meaning of hydrogen bond. Answer:The attraction force between hydrogen atom, H bonded to highly electronegative atoms, such as nitrogen, N, oxygen, O or fluorine, F with nitrogen atoms, N, oxygen, O or fluorine, F in other molecules. Question 2:Hydrogen fluoride, HF exists as liquid at room temperature. Explain this phenomenon based on … Read more

Question 1:State three types of covalent bonds. Answer:Single bond, double bond, triple bond Question 2:How are covalent bonds formed? Answer:A covalent bond is formed when non-metal atoms share electrons to achieve a stable duplet or octet electron arrangement. Question 3:Draw the formation of covalent bonds in a water molecule, H2O. Answer: Question 4:Can carbon atoms, … Read more

Question 1:Aluminium atom, Al has 13 protons while fluorine atom, F has 9 protons.(a) Write the formulae of ions formed from the two atoms respectively.(b) Write half-equations for the formation of ions in (a). (c) Draw the electron arrangement to show the transfer of electrons in the formation of ionic bonds in aluminium fluoride compound. … Read more

Question 1:What is chemical bond? Answer:A chemical bond means a bond formed between atoms that transfer or share electrons to form a compound. Question 2:State two types of chemical bonds. Answer:Ionic bond and covalent bond Question 3:Why noble gases do not form compounds? Answer:Noble gas atoms have stable duplet or octet electron arrangement. Noble gas … Read more

Macromolecular Compounds The macromolecular compounds have giant, covalent molecules with extremely large molecular lattices. They have very high melting and boiling points. They don’t conduct electricity — not even when molten (except for graphite). They’re usually insoluble in water. Examples of such macromolecules are diamond, silica and graphite. Diamond and Silica(Sand) (3 dimensional structure macromolecular … Read more

Covalent Compounds Simple MoleculeCovalent compounds can be divided into 2 types: Simple molecular compound Macromolecular compound Simple Molecules Most covalent compounds are made up of independent molecular units, as shown in figure above. The attraction force between molecules is the weak Van der Waals’ force. Properties of Simple Covalent Molecular Substances – Small Molecules! The … Read more

Ionic Compounds Structure Ionic Compound In an ionic compound, the alternate positive and negative ions in an ionic solid are arranged in an orderly way as shown in the image to the right. The ions can form a giant ionic lattice structure with ionic bond between the ions. The ionic bond is the strong electrical attraction … Read more

Predicting the Molecular Formula of Covalent Compounds Like the formula of ionic compounds, the formula of most covalent compounds can be predicted by referring to the group in periodic table of the elements in the compound. We can predict the formula of a covalent compound by referring to the valency of the elements in the … Read more