Isotopes
Isotopes are atoms of certain elements which have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons in the nucleus of the atoms.
It can also be defined as atoms of certain elements with the same proton numbers but with different nucleon numbers.
Properties of Isotope | |
| Number of proton | equal |
| Number of neutron | difference |
| Chemical properties | same |
| Physical properties | difference |
Example:
| Element | Name | Proton Number | Nucleon Number |
| Hydrogen | Hydrogen | 1 | 1 |
| Deuterium | 1 | 12 | |
| Tritium | 1 | 23 | |
| Oxygen | Oxygen-16 | 8 | 16 |
| Oxygen-17 | 8 | 17 | |
| Oxygen-18 | 8 | 18 | |
| Carbon | Carbon-12 | 6 | 12 |
| Carbon-13 | 6 | 13 | |
| Carbon-14 | 6 | 14 | |
| Chlorine | Chlorine-35 | 17 | 35 |
| Chlorine-37 | 17 | 37 | |
| Sodium | Sodium-23 | 11 | 23 |
| Sodium-24 | 11 | 24 |