Question 1:
State the meaning of hydrogen bond.
Answer:
The attraction force between hydrogen atom, H bonded to highly electronegative atoms, such as nitrogen, N, oxygen, O or fluorine, F with nitrogen atoms, N, oxygen, O or fluorine, F in other molecules.
State the meaning of hydrogen bond.
Answer:
The attraction force between hydrogen atom, H bonded to highly electronegative atoms, such as nitrogen, N, oxygen, O or fluorine, F with nitrogen atoms, N, oxygen, O or fluorine, F in other molecules.
Question 2:
Hydrogen fluoride, HF exists as liquid at room temperature. Explain this phenomenon based on the formation of hydrogen bonds.
Answer:
Hydrogen fluoride molecule, HF consists of one hydrogen atom, H and one fluorine atom, F. Fluorine atom has high electronegativity. The attraction force is formed between the hydrogen atom that is bonded to the fluorine atom in one molecule with a fluorine atom in another hydrogen fluoride, HF molecule. A strong hydrogen bond is formed. A lot of heat energy is required to overcome the attractive van der Waals forces between the hydrogen fluoride molecules in addition to the hydrogen bonds. Hence, hydrogen fluoride has high boiling point and exists as liquid at room temperature.
Hydrogen fluoride, HF exists as liquid at room temperature. Explain this phenomenon based on the formation of hydrogen bonds.
Answer:
Hydrogen fluoride molecule, HF consists of one hydrogen atom, H and one fluorine atom, F. Fluorine atom has high electronegativity. The attraction force is formed between the hydrogen atom that is bonded to the fluorine atom in one molecule with a fluorine atom in another hydrogen fluoride, HF molecule. A strong hydrogen bond is formed. A lot of heat energy is required to overcome the attractive van der Waals forces between the hydrogen fluoride molecules in addition to the hydrogen bonds. Hence, hydrogen fluoride has high boiling point and exists as liquid at room temperature.
Question 3:
Can hydrogen bonds form among hydrogen chloride molecules, HCl?
Justify your answer.
Answer:
No. Even though chlorine atom has high electronegativity, its size is too large.
Can hydrogen bonds form among hydrogen chloride molecules, HCl?
Justify your answer.
Answer:
No. Even though chlorine atom has high electronegativity, its size is too large.
Question 4:
Explain why paper sticks together when wet.
Answer:
Cellulose in paper has oxygen atom bonded to hydrogen atom. Water molecules will form hydrogen bonds with cellulose in paper. Thus, paper stick together when wet.
Explain why paper sticks together when wet.
Answer:
Cellulose in paper has oxygen atom bonded to hydrogen atom. Water molecules will form hydrogen bonds with cellulose in paper. Thus, paper stick together when wet.